Site Prep

The first thing you want to do is to choose a level, open site in full sunshine. Other aspects to consider, in picking a site, are proximity of trees (shade and falling leaves), contour of the ground, electrical connections, and water supply. Before starting this project always check out where any buried utilities are. It is a good idea to have your local utility companies, (telephone, water, cable TV, electrical, gas, etc.), locate and mark any buried wires or pipes before you start the digging process. Use a garden hose or rope to mark out the exact shape and position, then dig out the soil to the required contours, carefully forming shelves for marginals. Check that the edges of the pond are in fact level. This is very important and if done correctly in the begining, it will save you with a great deal of problems with your pond later on.

The excavation process begins

Next you will want to determine what depth your pond will be. In the southern portion of the U.S., zone 7 or greater, a depth of 24 inches is sufficient to winter over both fish and plants. As you go further north, zone 5 or less, a 30 to 36 inch depth is more desirable to winter over a pond. In Ohio it is recommended that your pond be at least 36 inches deep. (The main concern is that the water in the pond will NOT freeze solid).

Notice the shelves dug into the sides of the pond

Continue with Pond Construction

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